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US February Retail Sales Rise 0.601% MoM, Beating Expectations; Domestic Demand Resilience Emerges but Middle East Conflict Adds Concerns

2026-04-02

The latest published US retail sales month-over-month growth rate for February 2026 (Q1 2026) reached 0.601%. This data strongly reversed the decline in January (-0.1563%) and successfully beat the market's originally estimated increase of 0.4% to 0.5%. The overall strength of domestic demand demonstrated astonishing resilience, injecting a shot in the arm into the US economic performance for the first quarter.

Looking deeper into the detailed performance, up to 10 out of the 13 major retail categories showed positive growth. Among them, motor vehicles and parts shook off the gloom of severe cold weather, with buying momentum jumping 1.2%, while department stores and health and personal care stores delivered strong MoM increases of 3.0% and 2.3%, respectively. In addition, "core retail sales," which excludes volatile items such as autos and gasoline, also grew by 0.5%, providing solid support for the GDP consumer spending component this quarter.

Exploring the drivers of this sales rebound, in addition to warmer weather releasing pent-up demand, the steady performance of both employment and wages was also a key factor. Economic Daily News and foreign media cited economists' views pointing out that a robust labor market drove real wage growth, which, coupled with the realization of the tax refund effect, became the cornerstone supporting consumption among low-income groups. However, this stellar data only reflects the "calm before the storm" prior to the deterioration of the Middle East conflict at the end of February.

Looking ahead, in the short term (1-2 months), global oil prices are soaring due to Middle East geopolitics, and national gasoline prices have surged past $4 per gallon. Gas station sales will be passively pushed up, but this is bound to crowd out other discretionary household spending. In the medium term (3-6 months), if the energy crisis causes inflation to reignite and become sticky, it will not only severely challenge the real purchasing power of low- and middle-income households but may also force the Federal Reserve to adjust the pace of its monetary policy. Whether end consumption can withstand the inflation headwinds will become the biggest test for a US economic soft landing in the second half of the year.

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