US September ISM Services Business Activity Falls to 56.5, Resurgent Inflation Tests the Federal Reserve

Japan Services PMI Expands for Fourth Month, Drops to 51.3 at End of Q3 Below Expectations, Rate Hike Concerns Emerge

The latest data shows that the Markit Services PMI at the end of the third quarter of 2026 (Q3 2026) in Japan dropped to 51.3, a significant retreat from the previous reading of 52.5, and also below the market consensus expectation of 51.6. Despite the slowing pace of expansion, the index remained firmly above the 50 boom-or-bust line for the fourth consecutive month, indicating that the Japanese service sector maintained a pattern of moderate growth at the end of the third quarter, although the momentum has shown slight signs of fatigue. Breaking down the key sub-components, a slowdown in new order growth and a continued sharp decline in export orders were the main factors dragging down the overall index. However, the labor market bucked the trend. To clear backlogs of work and expand capacity, service sector companies accelerated hiring, with hiring momentum hitting its fastest pace since February of this year, leading to a 13th consecutive month of overall employment growth. Exploring the driving factors behind this data retreat, TipRanks pointed out that the slightly weaker-than-expected data may cause the market to hold a cautious stance on short-term domestic demand performance; S&P Global analyzed that short-term disruptions from the Kumamoto earthquake in some regions, coupled with softening customer demand, jointly weakened business activity performance. On the other hand, although the inflation rate for input costs fell to a six-month low, the absolute pressure from raw materials, energy, and labor costs remained stubbornly high, forcing companies to continue raising prices for end services. Looking ahead, in the short term (1-2 months), the service sector will continue to face the dual squeeze of slowing domestic demand and rising costs, with growth-sensitive sectors such as tourism and leisure likely bearing the brunt of the pressure. However, in the medium term (3-6 months), business confidence for the next 12 months has risen to a new high since June. S&P Global also highlighted a key risk: persistent inflation and relatively resilient employment growth are highly likely to act as catalysts for the Bank of Japan (BoJ) to raise interest rates again as early as October, and close attention must be paid to the subsequent blowback of monetary tightening policies on real economic recovery. Web Search Reference Source: Japan Services Growth Revised Downward