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China's Dec Financial Institution Loan YoY Growth Drops to 6.1%, Setting New Historical Low; Real Economy Financing Demand Shows No Improvement

2026-02-14

According to the latest DataTrack data, the YoY growth rate of the balance of loans at financial institutions in China was recorded at 6.1% in Dec 2025, lower than the previous value of 6.4%. This indicates that the pace of credit expansion continues to slow and has touched a new historical low since records began. Although the market previously expected data might stabilize due to government bond issuance and year-end pushes, the final results show that financing demand in the real economy remains extremely weak. This data further confirms that China is in a period of deep "credit impulse" contraction.

Observing key details, the deterioration in credit structure primarily stems from deleveraging behavior in the household sector. Impacted by the lack of a significant rebound in real estate sales, household medium-to-long-term loans (mainly mortgages) continue to shrink. On the corporate side, as profits are squeezed by deflation and willingness for capital expenditure is low, new loans rely mostly on state-owned banks investing in infrastructure and policy projects, while private enterprise financing demand remains sluggish.

Institutional analysis points out that the root of this trend lies in the risk of a "balance sheet recession." The long-term adjustment in the real estate market has weakened collateral values and borrowing capacity. Combined with deflation expectations caused by insufficient domestic demand, this has kept real interest rates high, suppressing the private sector's willingness to take on debt. Analysts generally believe that relying solely on credit supply from the banking system is difficult to reverse the situation, and whether the intensity of fiscal policy can be transmitted to the financing end will be key.

Looking ahead, the short term (1-2 months) coincides with the Lunar New Year off-season, so credit data is unlikely to rebound significantly. Moreover, as Jan is usually a high-base month for the credit "strong start," the YoY growth rate still faces downward pressure. In the medium term (3-6 months), the market is closely watching whether the PBOC will implement an RRR cut or lower the LPR in the first quarter of 2026 to reduce financing costs. Without stronger fiscal stimulus or signals of the housing market stopping its decline, credit growth is likely to remain consolidating at a low level around 6%.

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