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China's Q1 Manufacturing PMI Returns to Expansion Zone! Index Rises to 50.4, Hitting a One-Year High

2026-04-01

The newly released official Q1 manufacturing PMI for China delivered an impressive performance, with the data jumping from the previous value of 49.0 to 50.4. It not only successfully crossed the 50 boom-or-bust dividing line but also outperformed the general market expectation of 50.1. This data ended a two-month consecutive contraction trend and hit a one-year high since March 2025, indicating that China's manufacturing climate is ushering in a significant opportunity for recovery.

Breaking down the various PMI sub-indices, both the supply and demand sides showed a strong recovery. Among them, the new orders index climbed sharply by 3.0 percentage points to 51.6%, showing a rapid rebound in market demand; the production index also rose by 1.8 percentage points to 51.4%, reflecting an overall acceleration in factory operations. In addition, the PMI indices for large, medium, and small enterprises all rebounded comprehensively, reflecting that the recovery dividends are widely spreading to enterprises of all sizes.

Regarding the data rebound, the Service Industry Survey Center of the National Bureau of Statistics pointed out that the accelerated resumption of work and production by enterprises after the Lunar New Year is the main reason driving the increase in market activity. At the same time, analysis by cnYES suggests that the sustained strength in overseas demand and the stable operation of production capacity have effectively supported industrial production levels. Furthermore, the recent rise in commodity prices has also prompted an increase in enterprises' willingness to procure, jointly driving the comprehensive expansion of the manufacturing sector.

Looking ahead to the short term (1-2 months), with the implementation of policies and the continuation of post-holiday resumption dividends, the manufacturing and service sectors are expected to maintain a mild expansion driven by dual engines. However, attention must still be paid to the cost pressures that rising raw material prices may bring to enterprises. In the medium term (3-6 months), the endurance of this wave of recovery will depend on the conversion rate of domestic consumption and the stability of the real estate market. In addition, geopolitical variables in the external environment and potential trade barriers will be the greatest uncertainty risks facing China's exports.

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